You must use HTTPS authentication when cloning a Microsoft Azure DevOps Git repository.
You cannot use SSH authentication because none of the SSH keygen algorithms that SAS and the SAS® Studio user interface support, which include ED25519, ECDSA, and RSA-SHA1, are supported by Azure.
SAS is actively working to provide support for the SHA-2 keygens algorithm.
This SAS KB article will be updated once the ability to clone using the SHA-2 keygens algorithm functionality is available.